Irregular Verbs
There is no formula to predict how an irregular verb will form its past-tense and past-participle forms. There are over 250 irregular verbs in English. Although they do not follow a formula, there are some fairly common irregular forms. Some of these forms are:
* be,was/were,
been
*break, broke,
broken
*cut, cut, cut
*come, came,
come
*meet, met, me
*run, ran, run
*repay,
repaid, repaid
*swim, swam,
swum
List of
Irregular Verbs
Base Form
|
Present
Tense
Base Form (s)
|
Past
Tense
|
Past
Participle
|
Present Participle
(‘ing’ form)
|
Arise
|
Arise (s)
|
Arose
|
Arisen
|
Arising
|
Awake
|
Awake (s)
|
Awoke
|
Awoke
|
Awaking
|
Be
|
Am /Is / Are
|
Was / Were
|
Been
|
Being
|
Bear
|
Bear (s)
|
Bore
|
Born
|
Bearing
|
Become
|
Become (s)
|
Became
|
Become
|
Becoming
|
Beg
|
Beg (s)
|
Begged
|
Begged
|
Begging
|
Begin
|
Begin (s)
|
Began
|
Begun
|
Beginning
|
Behold
|
Behold (s)
|
Beheld
|
Beheld
|
Beholding
|
Bend
|
Bend (s)
|
Bent
|
Bent
|
Bending
|
Bet
|
Bet (s)
|
Bet
|
Bet
|
Betting
|
Bid (command)
|
Bid (s)
|
Bade
|
Bidden
|
Bidding
|
Bid (offer a price)
|
Bid (s)
|
Bid
|
Bid
|
Bidding
|
Bind
|
Bind (s)
|
Bound
|
Bound
|
Binding
|
Bite
|
Bite (s)
|
Bit
|
Bitten
|
Biting
|
Bleed
|
Bleed (s)
|
Bled
|
Bled
|
Bleeding
|
Blow
|
Blow (s)
|
Blew
|
Blown
|
Blowing
|
Break
|
Break (s)
|
Broke
|
Broken
|
Breaking
|
Bring
|
Bring (s)
|
Brought
|
Brought
|
Bringing
|
Broadcast
|
Broadcast (s)
|
Broadcast
|
Broadcast
|
Broadcasting
|
Build
|
Build (s)
|
Built
|
Built
|
Building
|
Burn
|
Burn (s)
|
Burnt
|
Burnt
|
Burning
|
Burst
|
Burst (s)
|
Burst
|
Burst
|
Bursting
|
Buy
|
Buy (s)
|
Bought
|
Bought
|
Buying
|
Cast
|
Cast (s)
|
Cast
|
Cast
|
Casting
|
Catch
|
Catch (es)
|
Caught
|
Caught
|
Catching
|
Choose
|
Choose (s)
|
Chose
|
Chosen
|
Choosing
|
Cling
|
Cling (s)
|
Clung
|
Clung
|
Clinging
|
Come
|
Come (s)
|
Came
|
Come
|
Coming
|
Cost
|
Cost (s)
|
Cost
|
Cost
|
Costing
|
Creep
|
Creep (s)
|
Crept
|
Crept
|
Creeping
|
Cut
|
Cut (s)
|
Cut
|
Cut
|
Cutting
|
Die
|
Die (s)
|
Died
|
Died
|
Dying
|
Dig
|
Dig (s)
|
Dug
|
Dug
|
Digging
|
Do
|
Do / Does
|
Did
|
Done
|
Doing
|
Draw
|
Draw (s)
|
Drew
|
Drwan
|
Drawing
|
Drink
|
Drink (s)
|
Drank
|
Drunk
|
Drinking
|
Drive
|
Drive (s)
|
Drove
|
Driven
|
Driving
|
Eat
|
Eat (s)
|
Ate
|
Eaten
|
Eating
|
Fall
|
Fall (s)
|
Fell
|
Fallen
|
Falling
|
Feed
|
Feed (s)
|
Fed
|
Fed
|
Feeding
|
Feel
|
Feel (s)
|
Felt
|
Felt
|
Feeling
|
Fight
|
Fight (s)
|
Fought
|
Fought
|
Fighting
|
Find
|
Find (s)
|
Found
|
Found
|
Finding
|
Fit
|
Fit (s)
|
Fit
|
Fit
|
Fitting
|
Flee
|
Flee (s)
|
Fled
|
Fled
|
Fleeing
|
Fly
|
Fly/Flies
|
Flew
|
Flown
|
Flying
|
Forbid
|
Forbid (s)
|
Forbade
|
Forbidden
|
Forbidding
|
Forget
|
Forget (s)
|
Forgot
|
Forgotten
|
Forgetting
|
Forgive
|
Forgive (s)
|
Forgave
|
Forgiven
|
Forgiving
|
Forsake
|
Forsake (s)
|
Forsook
|
Forsaken
|
Forsaking
|
Freeze
|
Freeze (s)
|
Froze
|
Frozen
|
Freezing
|
Get
|
Get (s)
|
Got
|
Got
|
Getting
|
Give
|
Give (s)
|
Gave
|
Given
|
Giving
|
Go
|
Go (es)
|
Went
|
Gone
|
Going
|
Grind
|
Grind (s)
|
Ground
|
Ground
|
Grinding
|
Grow
|
Grow (s)
|
Grew
|
Grown
|
Growing
|
Hang (picture)
|
Hang (s)
|
Hung
|
Hung
|
Hanging
|
Have
|
Have/Has
|
Had
|
Had
|
Having
|
Hear
|
Hear (s)
|
Heard
|
Heard
|
Hearing
|
Hide
|
Hide (s)
|
Hid
|
Hidden
|
Hiding
|
Hit
|
Hit (s)
|
Hit
|
Hit
|
Hitting
|
Hold
|
Hold (s)
|
Held
|
Held
|
Holding
|
Hurt
|
Hurt (s)
|
Hurt
|
Hurt
|
Hurting
|
Keep
|
Keep (s)
|
Kept
|
Kept
|
Keeping
|
Kneel
|
Kneel (s)
|
Knelt
|
Knelt
|
Kneeling
|
Know
|
Know (s)
|
Knew
|
Known
|
Knowing
|
Lay (put)
|
Lay (s)
|
Laid
|
Laid
|
Laying
|
Lead
|
Lead (s)
|
Led
|
Led
|
Leading
|
Learn
|
Learn (s)
|
Learned
|
Learned
|
Learning
|
Leave
|
Leave (s)
|
Left
|
Left
|
Leaving
|
Lend
|
Lend (s)
|
Lent
|
Lent
|
Lending
|
Let
|
Let (s)
|
Let
|
Let
|
Letting
|
Lie
|
Lie (s)
|
Lay
|
Lain
|
Lying
|
Lose
|
Lose (s)
|
Lost
|
Lost
|
Listening
|
Make
|
Make (s)
|
Made
|
Made
|
Making
|
Mean
|
Mean (s)
|
Meant
|
Meant
|
Meaning
|
Meet
|
Meet (s)
|
Met
|
Met
|
Meeting
|
Pay
|
Pay (s)
|
Paid
|
Paid
|
Paying
|
Put
|
Put (s)
|
Put
|
Put
|
Putting
|
Quit
|
Quit (s)
|
Quit
|
Quit
|
Quitting
|
Read
|
Read (s)
|
Read
|
Read
|
Reading
|
Ride
|
Ride (s)
|
Rode
|
Ridden
|
Riding
|
Ring
|
Ring (s)
|
Rang
|
Rung
|
Ringing
|
Rise
|
Rise (s)
|
Rose
|
Risen
|
Rising
|
Run
|
Run (s)
|
Ran
|
Run
|
Running
|
Say
|
Say (s)
|
Said
|
Said
|
Saying
|
See
|
See (s)
|
Saw
|
Seen
|
Seeing
|
Seek
|
Seek (s)
|
Sought
|
Sought
|
Seeking
|
Sell
|
Sell (s)
|
Sold
|
Sold
|
Selling
|
Send
|
Send (s)
|
Sent
|
Sent
|
Sending
|
Set
|
Set (s)
|
Set
|
Set
|
Setting
|
Shake
|
Shake (s)
|
Shook
|
Shaken
|
Shaking
|
Shed
|
Shed (s)
|
Shed
|
Shed
|
Shedding
|
Shine (give light)
|
Shine (s)
|
Shone
|
Shone
|
Shining
|
Shoot
|
Shoot (s)
|
Shot
|
Shot
|
Shooting
|
Shrink
|
Shrink (s)
|
Shrank
|
Shrunk
|
Shrinking
|
Shut
|
Shut (s)
|
Shut
|
Shut
|
Shutting
|
Sing
|
Sing (s)
|
Sang
|
Sung
|
Singing
|
Sink
|
Sink (s)
|
Sank
|
Sunk
|
Sinking
|
Sit
|
Sit (s)
|
Sat
|
Sat
|
Sitting
|
Slay
|
Slay (s)
|
Slew
|
Slain
|
Slaying
|
Sleep
|
Sleep (s)
|
Slept
|
Slept
|
Sleeping
|
Speak
|
Speak (s)
|
Spoke
|
Spoken
|
Speaking
|
Spend
|
Spend (s)
|
Spent
|
Spent
|
Spending
|
Spin
|
Spin (s)
|
Spun
|
Spun
|
Spinning
|
Spit
|
Spit (s)
|
Spat
|
Spat
|
Spitting
|
Split
|
Split (s)
|
Split
|
Split
|
Splitting
|
Spread
|
Spread (s)
|
Spread
|
Spread
|
Spreading
|
Stand
|
Stand (s)
|
Stood
|
Stood
|
Standing
|
Steal
|
Steal (s)
|
Stole
|
Stolen
|
Stealing
|
Stick
|
Stick (s)
|
Stuck
|
Stuck
|
Sticking
|
Sting
|
Sting (s)
|
Stung
|
Stung
|
Stinging
|
Strew
|
Strew (s)
|
Strewed
|
Strewn
|
Strewing
|
Strike
|
Strike (s)
|
Struck
|
Struck
|
Striking
|
Swear
|
Swear (s)
|
Swore
|
Sworn
|
Swearing
|
Sweep
|
Sweep (s)
|
Swept
|
Swept
|
Sweeping
|
Swim
|
Swim (s)
|
Swam
|
Swum
|
Swimming
|
Swing
|
Swing (s)
|
Swung
|
Swung
|
Swinging
|
Take
|
Take (s)
|
Took
|
Taken
|
Taking
|
Teach
|
Teach (es)
|
Taught
|
Taught
|
Teaching
|
Tear
|
Tear (s)
|
Tore
|
Torn
|
Tearing
|
Tell
|
Tell (s)
|
Told
|
Told
|
Telling
|
Think
|
Think (s)
|
Thought
|
Thought
|
Thinking
|
Thrust
|
Thrust (s)
|
Thrust
|
Thrust
|
Thrusting
|
Throw
|
Throw (s)
|
Threw
|
Thrown
|
Throwing
|
Tread
|
Tread (s)
|
Trod
|
Trodden
|
Treading
|
Understand
|
Understand(s)
|
Understood
|
Understood
|
Understanding
|
Wear
|
Wear (s)
|
Wore
|
Worn
|
Wearing
|
Weave
|
Weave (s)
|
Wove
|
Woven
|
Weaving
|
Weep
|
Weep (s)
|
Wept
|
Wept
|
Weeping
|
Win
|
Win (s)
|
Won
|
Won
|
Winning
|
Wind
|
Wind (s)
|
Wound
|
Wound
|
Winding
|
Write
|
Write (s)
|
Wrote
|
Written
|
Writing
|
Wring
|
Wring
|
Wrung
|
Wrung
|
Wringing
|
